#Adobe golive 6 download movie
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Thus, evolutionary history (including patterns of past selective regimes) is important! And we can use the evolutionary signal in our data to test alternative adaptive scenarios.

At end of simulation, each lineage has a distinct body size distribution, centered at adaptive optima!.

Lineages enter different adaptive optima at speciation.

At end of simulation, both lineages share the same distribution of body sizes, centered at starting value.

At each time interval, body size may get bigger or smaller (a random walk process) according to BM or Hansen Models.

A simple phylogeny with a single lineage at time = 0.

We can place different optima on the branches of the phylogeny where we suspect our species entered different adaptive regimes (for example, herbivorous diet vs. The Hansen Model has two additional parameters ( a, b): used to model natural selectionĭistance of phenotype (e.g., body size) from optimal value

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The Brownian Motion model has one parameter ( s):Ĭhange in body size ( X) is determined byĪnd a small amount of random change in time ( t)Ĭlick on the yellow arrow to see a movie comparing small vs. The Hansen model is only slightly more complicated than the more familiar Browian Motion Model, but it allows us to create more flexible and realistic evolutionary hypotheses to test our data. (*Ornstein-Uhlenbeck for Comparative Hypotheses)

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We can do this by applying the Hansen model, implemented in our software package Why? Because we expect herbivorous lizards to have different optimal body size than Many methods exist to account for phylogeny (1), but do not take explict account of natural selection on the trait (2), even though most comparative hypotheses are adaptive.Īctually, we would like to model not only natural selection, but also be able to specify multiple adaptive regimes. How body size changes along the phylogeny (i.e., model of trait evolution).How the lizard species are related (i.e., the phylogeny).The comparative method is a central tool for studying adaptive evolution.įor example, suppose we hypothesize that lizard body size evolves in association with evolutionary shifts in food type.

Welcome to Adobe GoLive 6 A Modeling Approach for Comparative Hypotheses